知音传说起源地 武汉的天然氧吧

The Cradle of Bosom Friends Legend, A Natural Oxygen Bar in Wuhan

九真山全景  Panorama of Jiuzhen Mountain

(相关资料图)

山顶的锁情台  Suoqing Terrace at the top of the mountain

楚天都市报极目新闻记者 王佳文

摄影：楚天都市报极目新闻记者 邹斌

通讯员 周雄 张文劼

翻译：胡佳凤  李烁  方丽华（湖北大学）

Jimu News reporter: Wang Jiawen

Photographer: Zou Bin

Correspondents: Zhou Xiong, Zhang Wenjie

Translators: Hu Jiafeng, Li Shuo, Fang Lihua (Hubei University)

在孕育了荆楚文化的江汉平原上，九真山就像一道屋脊耸立于武汉市蔡甸区。除了美丽的自然风光，高山流水的知音典故在山野里诞生，九仙女结炉炼丹、九真观香火延绵千年又让这里多了一丝仙气。

On the Jianghan Plain, which nurtured the Jingchu culture, Jiuzhen Mountain stands like a ridge in Caidian District, Wuhan City. In addition to the beautiful natural scenery, the legend of “High Mountains and Flowing Water” was born in this mountain. Meanwhile, the legend of the Nine Fairies refining pills of immortality and the incense smoke of Jiuzhen Temple lingering for thousands of years make it slightly more fairy.

极目新闻记者近日探访“九真秘境”，感受江汉平原第一峰的独特魅力。

Jimu news reporters recently visited the Jiuzhen mountain to explore its mystery and experience the unique charm of the best moutain peak in Jianghan plain.

江汉平原第一峰

The Best Mountain Peak in Jianghan Plain

九真山主峰海拔仅276米，但在地势平坦的江汉平原上，这个高度稳居第一，号称“江汉平原第一峰”。九真山的山林郁郁葱葱、山泉潺潺，四季景色迷人，森林覆盖率高达90%以上，山间独有的恐龙同时代的蕨类植物，是受国家保护的活化石。茂密的森林使山间特有的负氧离子含量高达95%，此处形成了武汉市内少有的天然氧吧。

The main peak of Jiuzhen mountain is at an elevation of only 276 meters, but in the flat Jianghan Plain, it ranks first among the mountains, and is known as the “Best Mountain Peak” in Jianghan plain. Jiuzhen mountain boasts lush forests, gurgling springs and charming scenery throughout the four seasons, with a forest coverage rate of over 90%. The unique ferns of the dinosaur era found in the mountains are living fossils protected by the state. Due to its dense forest, the amount of negative oxide ions in the mountain reach as high as 95%, forming a rare natural oxygen bar in Wuhan.

从山下仰望，万木峥嵘，苍翠欲滴，山峰上隐约出现一座红色的亭台，宛如一颗红宝石镶嵌在山尖；从山上俯瞰，层峦耸翠，襟江带湖，山脚下错落着村庄和田地，一望无际的江汉平原尽收眼底。

Looking up from the foot of the mountain, one can enjoy thousands of trees towering and verdant. A red pavilion looms on the mountain like a ruby inlaid on the mountaintop. Overlooking from the mountain, one can have a bird"s-eye view of the endless Jianghan Plain, with green mountains towering, rivers bordering lakes, and villages and fields scattered at the foot of the mountain.

从山脚下往九真山深处走去，平原村庄的小桥流水逐渐变得延绵起伏。这些逶迤的山峰既不似矮厚敦实的山包，也不像高耸陡峭的绝壁，簇拥在一起宛如山峰中的小家碧玉。行至山间，只见青山浮水，倒影翩翩，连理湖的存在让苍翠的山峰不再单调。山依偎着水，水映照着山，静谧和谐的山水画卷令人陶醉。

Walking from the foot of the mountain to the depths of Jiuzhen Mountain, small bridges rise and fall along the way and water flows in the plain villages. These meandering peaks are neither like short, thick, and stocky mountains, nor like towering and steep cliffs, clustering together like a small jasper in the mountains. When you arrive in the mountains, green mountains and clean water are all you see. Among these uniform verdant peaks, Lianli Lake balances out this monotonous scene. With mountains nestling against the water, and the water reflecting the mountain, the peaceful and harmonious landscape is intoxicating.

山不在高，有仙则名。风景如画的九真山，其名字的来源还富有神话色彩。据民间传说，此处九座山峰绵延相连，九位仙女各据一座山头结庐炼丹，故名“九真山”。仙女下凡之后，继而又在连理湖畔衍生出“书生智救仙女”“何仙姑主持仙女大婚”等丰富的民间传说。晴空下，云彩掠过山头，在传说的映衬下显得仙气飘飘。

Renowned is a mountain not for its height but for the immortal who lives in it. The picturesque Jiuzhen Mountain has a mythological origin to its name. According to folklore, here are nine mountains connected to each other in which nine fairies each dominate one of these mountains to refine pills of immortality. That is why it is called “Jiuzhen Mountain” (“Jiu” refers to nine and “Zhen” refers to immortals.). Since the fairy came down from heaven, it has given birth to abound folklore around the Lianli Lake region such as “Scholar with his Wisdom Saves the Fairy” and “He Xiangu Hosts the Fairy"s Marriage”. Under the clear sky, clouds skimmed over the mountain, making it appear immortal against the background of legends.

离山顶峰不远处有一块平地，此处便是九真观的遗址。九真观始建于1800余年前魏晋时期。相传汉代活跃在巴蜀一带的五斗米道创始者张道陵的弟子刘伯通，一日云游至九真山，见这里九峰连绵，气象万千，如蓬莱仙境，认定此地人杰地灵，定能大展宏图，于是号召教民捐款修建了一座九真观，供奉的圣像为黄冠道人。从南朝起，九真观屡毁屡建，屡建屡毁，香火繁盛，经久不衰，甚至有过“小武当”的美誉。

There is a flat land not far from the peak of the mountain, where is the site of the Jiuzhen Temple. It was built over 1800 years ago during the Wei and Jin dynasties. According to legend, Liu Botong, a disciple of Zhang Daoling and the founder of the Wudoumi Dao, lived in the Bashu area in the Han Dynasty. When he traveled to Jiuzhen Mountain one day and saw that the nine mountain peaks were continuous and varied, resembling Penglai Fairyland, he believed that Jiuzhen Mountain with a picturesque landscape nurtured great minds as well as ambitious achievements. Thus, he called for donations from parishioners to build the Jiuzhen Temple to worship Huangguan Taoist. Since the Southern Dynasty, Jiuzhen Temple has been destroyed and rebuilt multiple times. However, it has continued to attract large numbers of pilgrims, even earning the title “Little Wudang Mountain”.

九真观毁于上世纪六七十年代，时至今日，遗址成了游人的休憩之处。只有空地尽头的真武大帝铜像以及地面的太极图还在提醒着人们这里的过往。极目远眺，蔡甸区的“两山一河”尽收眼底，在这秀丽壮阔的风景下，凭吊1800多年来的风风雨雨，不由得让人感慨这第一峰的仙风道骨。

The Jiuzhen Temple was destroyed in the 1960s and 1970s, and today, the site has become a resting place for tourists. Only the bronze statue of the Zhenwu Emperor at the end of the clearing and the Tai Chi map on the ground still remind people of the past here. Gazing from a distance, one can fully behold the panoramic view of the “Two Mountains and One River” in Caidian District. With this beautiful and magnificent scenery, and the ups and downs from the past 1800 years, you can not help but feel the immortal spirit of this highly ranked mountain peak.

高山流水遇知音

Bosom Friends and High Mountains and Flowing Water

蔡甸区是伯牙、子期“高山流水遇知音”故事的发源地，相传伯牙曾在此抚琴，闻江水奔腾之声，奏《流水》古曲。而九真山上更是遍布樵夫钟子期的生活足迹，每一处地名，几乎都蕴含着与知音文化相关的典故。

Caidian District is the birthplace of the story “Bosom friends and High Mountain and Flowing Water”. It is said that Boya once played his musical instrument here, and upon hearing the rushing river he played the ancient song “Running Water”. Moreover, Jiuzhen Mountain is filled with mementos of the woodcutter Zhong Ziqi"s life, with almost every location"s name being related to the culture of bosom friends.

据考证，钟子期出生于2300多年前春秋战国时期，是钟仪之后，钟建之孙。钟仪、钟建均为楚国乐官。因此，钟子期出生于音乐世家，从小耳濡目染，精通音律，擅听琴识音。后因宫廷争斗，钟子期幼年即随父母隐居在古汉阳县（今蔡甸区）上集贤村，以砍柴为生。为追求音乐与自然的和谐统一，钟子期砍柴之余，多次踏访九真山并曾在此结庐而居，名“子期草庐”。如今，岁月已抹去钟子期当年的足迹，青山幽林间只剩下后人的一副对联：门前溪水流将去，窗外青山跳出来。

According to research, Zhong Ziqi was born more than 2,300 years ago during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods. He was the grandson of Zhong Jian and the son of Zhong Yi. Zhong Yi and Zhong Jian were both musical officials of Chu. Therefore, Zhong Ziqi being born in a musical family was deeply influenced by music from childhood. He was proficient in music and could listen to and recognize sounds played on the Guqin. Due to court battles, Zhong Ziqi lived in seclusion with his parents at an early age in Shangjixian Village, ancient Hanyang County (now Caidian District), making a living by cutting firewood. In order to pursue a harmony between music and nature, in his spare time, Zhong Ziqi visited Jiuzhen Mountain numerous times and once settled down here, with his cottage named “Ziqi Caolu”. Now, his footprints have been erased with the years passing by. There is only a couplet left in the green mountains and forests: the stream in front of the door will flow, and the green mountains outside the window will exist forever.

类似的地点，在九真山的知音谷中还有许多。

Many similar places can be found in the Zhiyin Valley of Jiuzhen Mountain.

传说钟子期在知音谷中磨斧，听松涛阵阵，不觉心旷神怡，挥斧试刃，因用力过猛，一不小心将这块石头劈开，留下了一道千古裂痕，这块石头得名试斧石。因为这个传说，民间流传着一首民谣：终日砍樵隐深山，石上磨斧解心烦，忽有一日试利斧，劈开顽石两寸宽。

According to legend, one time Zhong Ziqi sharpened his axe in the Zhiyin Valley, carefree and happy as he listened to the wind whistling through the pine trees, he wielded the axe to test the blade. However, the stone split after he used too much force and a crack was formed. Hence, this stone was named Axe-Trial Stone. Because of this legend, a folk song has been circulating among locals: Cutting down trees deep in the mountains all day long, sharpen the axe on the stone to relieve anxiety. Suddenly trying the axe one day, the stubborn stone splits two inches wide.

伯牙与钟子期结为知音后，相约来年中秋节再在马鞍山下的汉水古道相会。没想到第二年，伯牙来会知音，却闻钟子期英年早逝，心中悲伤不已。伯牙感叹钟子期死后天下再无知音，于是摔碎瑶琴，发誓终生不再弹琴。为排遣抑郁，伯牙到九真山寻访钟子期生前足迹，来到此处，追忆两人昔日友情，不禁流下深情的泪水。泪水化为一汪水塘，便是九真山的“钟情水”。

After Bo Ya and Zhong Ziqi became bosom friends, they agreed to meet on the ancient road of Han River at the foot of Ma’an Mountain on the Mid-Autumn Festival the next year. However, when Bo came to see Zhong, he was informed of his death, which grieved him immensely. Without a bosom friend, Bo shattered his Guqin and swore to never play it again. To rid his depression, Bo came to Jiuzhen Mountain to visit sites Zhong had earlier been to and reminisce about their friendship, weeping uncontrollably. His tears converged into a pond, Zhongqing Water (legend has it that anyone drinking of the water would be sentiment-focused) of Jiuzhen Mountain.    

九真山有高山，有流水，行走在其中，思绪奔涌，可跨越千年，与古人对话，赏同一处美景。

Walking in Jiuzhen Mountain, surrounded by mountains and water, one can almost imagine being in dialogue with the ancients, together collectively appreciating the same scenery.

镇山变成金山银山

Zhen Mountain Becomes an Invaluable Asset

蔡甸区旧名汉阳县，而九真山九峰相连，蜿蜒绵亘，势若浮龙，在旧时曾被人们称为“汉阳县之镇山”。时过境迁，九真山依然巍然不动地矗立在原处，但在人们的共同努力下，这座庇护着当地的镇山，已经成为了当地人民的“金山银山”。

Caidian District was formerly known as Hanyang County, and the Jiuzhen Mountains are connected by nine peaks, winding and stretching like a floating dragon. In the old days, it was once known as the “Zhenshan of Hanyang County”. Over time, Jiuzhen Mountain still stands tall in its place, but with the joint efforts of locals, this mountain sheltering the local town has become an invaluable asset.       

永安街炉房村位于九真山的南麓,南西北三面被群山环抱，要进入国家4A级景区九真山风景区则必经炉房村。作为景区的“门面”，络绎不绝的游客为村庄发展提供了机遇，同时也为村湾环境建设带来挑战。在当地村委会的带领下，炉房村以“围绕一个景区，发展一片产业，打造一张名片”为目标，大力推进产业融合发展，通过与九真山风景区深度合作，以协调促进村民到景区内就业和鼓励村民自主创业的方式，实现了200多名村民转移就业，就业群众人均增收3万元。并成功打造了以“杨家小院”为代表的一系列集“吃住玩”于一体的民宿综合体，将炉房村塑造成了永安街道的旅游名片。

Lufang Village, Yong’an Street is situated on the southern foot of Jiuzhen Mountain, surrounded by mountains in the south, west and north. To enter the national 4A level scenic spot Jiuzhen Mountain Scenic Area, one must pass through Lufang Village. As “spokespersons” of the tourist attraction, streaming tourists presented opportunities to the advancement of the village, but challenges to its eco-environment. Under the guidance of the village committee, the village pushed ahead with the integrated development of industries, aiming to develop industry clusters and build on scenic spots to make a positive name for the village"s overall image. Through the deep cooperation with Jiuzhen Mountain scenic area, the village encouraged its villagers to find jobs in the area and start their own businesses, thus achieving more than 200 villagers" transfer of employment, increasing the per capita income of the employed population by 30,000 yuan. Further, a series of homely complexes were successfully created, represented by the “Yang Family Courtyard”, integrating “food, accommodation, and leisure”, molding Lufang Village into a tourism harbor of Yong’an Street.

而据永安街道的规划，后续街道将发挥自身区位优势，加强基础设施建设，以九真山景区为依托、以独具地方特色文化为魂、以永安集镇城镇化建设为主线，建设起配套完善、宜居宜业、特色鲜明的九真文化小镇，着力打造“文旅+农旅”支柱产业。还将以九真文化创意为依托，推动街道内更多旅游资源转化为旅游产品，重点推进一批农旅民俗等项目建设，与九真山景区一同打造好九真山文旅休闲示范带。

The local administration plans to fully utilize the area"s geographical advantages and strengthen infrastructure construction. Relying on Jiuzhen Mountain Scenic Area, with unique local culture as the soul and the urbanization construction of Yong’an Market Town as the main line, a Jiuzhen Cultural Town with complete supporting facilities and distinctive characteristics will be built. Not only will it be livable and suitable for business, efforts will be made to create a “cultural tourism+agricultural tourism” pillar industry. Relying on Jiuzhen cultural creativity, it will also promote the transformation of more tourism resources into tourism products in Yong’an Street, focusing on promoting the construction of a number of projects such as agricultural tourism and folk customs, and working with Jiuzhen Mountain Scenic Area to build the Jiuzhen Mountain cultural tourism and leisure demonstration belt.

（来源：极目新闻）